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Inside the Orion spacecraft, as we fly around\h
the Moon, we have some cool experiments going on

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to help us understand what the environment is like.

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Although there's no humans aboard Artemis I, we do have a few special passengers aboard

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that will help us pave the way for future Artemis missions.

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So there's basically three occupants riding. You can kind of think about it like three astronauts.

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We have a Moonikin.

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We will also have two torsos that are learning about the Moon

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and learning about the environment for our astronauts before they go.

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We have a manikin on Artemis I. We call him our Moonikin, for short.

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That Moonikin is called Commander Moonikin Campos.

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The name is actually in homage to Arturo Campos,

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who was an important person who helped bring the Apollo 13 capsule home.

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The Moonikin will sit in the Commander's seat and it will wear a suit, just like our astronauts will wear.

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Moonikin Campos is actually weighted to simulate an actual human aboard the Orion spacecraft.

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So it will help us understand what our astronauts will experience as they go to the Moon and home.

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The Orion crew survival system suit and the Orion seat were designed simultaneously to fit together as a seamless package.

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The actual design of the suit was built into the Orion seat, such that when they're in the suit, in the seat

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is a true cocoon of protection for them.

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During this test flight, the seat will actually be instrumented with accelerometers,

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sensors that tell us how much the chair is shaking during launch and re-entry

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and how many G forces, or gravitational forces, it experiences.

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We expect Commander Moonikin Campos to have a very exciting ride on his way to orbit —

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the thrill of launch, the experience of weightlessness, the excitement of landing.

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What we learn on Artemis I with our manikin's assistance will help us better understand

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how a human will actually behave in the seat, both for landing and for launch,

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to allow us to ensure their safety.

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In addition to the Moonikin, we'll have two seats that have basically what's like a human dummy —

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an upper torso — that are detecting how much radiation they're experiencing.

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It's called a Matroshka AstroRad Radiation Experiment (MARE).

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MARE is an international collaboration with German Aerospace Center, DLR, and with Israel Space Agency.

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The MARE experiment consists of two anthropomorphic phantoms called Helga and Zohar

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that are simulating a female body in a space radiation environment.

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One of those will be wearing a safety vest (the AstroRad radiation vest)

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that we hope will help protect our astronauts from radiation.

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Each one of the two phantoms will be equipped with about twenty battery operated radiation instruments.

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So between the two, we'll be able to determine how well we can protect our astronauts from radiation events.

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Space radiation, it's a mix of high energy heavy charged particles that originate from the Sun.

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To put things in perspective, one year of Earth exposure to cosmic rays

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is equivalent with one day of space radiation exposure in deep space.

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The purpose of the MARE experiment is to learn more about the radiation exposure

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as well as the biological effects of different organs.

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So basically it's like we have three occupants inside Orion

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that are learning about the Moon and learning about the environment for our astronauts before they go.

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Going back to the Moon with new exploration goals and new technologies

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will help us gain better understanding of the challenges we encounter with deep space exploration.

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We will have to develop new technology and solutions to meet really difficult challenges.

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But that's what NASA does. That's what Artemis is all about.